Preparing for the EU Cyber Resilience Act: A study with four Swedish companies

Abstract

Context: The EU Cyber Resilience Act (EU CRA) introduces cybersecurity obligations for products with digital elements, including secure development, vulnerability handling, software supply-chain transparency, and technical documentation. Objectives: To investigate how companies are preparing for the EU CRA, with particular attention to software supply-chain security, product security, vulnerability management, and readiness to demonstrate conformity. Methods: We conducted a qualitative interview study with nine practitioners from two large enterprises (LEs) and two small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) located in Sweden. The interviews covered current security practices, EU CRA interpretation, compliance planning, evidence artefacts, and organisational challenges. We analysed the material using thematic analysis. Results: The four cases show uneven EU CRA readiness. The two LE cases reused existing standards to different degrees, but one remained fragmented while integrating new product-cybersecurity routines. The two SME cases ranged from reactive developer-led security to documented workflows embedded in engineering. Across the cases, relevant artefacts existed but were not always maintained as reusable compliance evidence. Conclusion: While strategies to prepare for the EU CRA differ across companies, we propose recommendations for practitioners, tool providers, and regulators seeking to support future regulatory compliance.

Publication
Information and Software Technology